Comparison of Three Methods for Skeleton Age Estimation / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To find the appropriate method for age estimation for different ages and sexes.@*METHODS@#The costal cartilage, sternum and pubic symphysis of 91 unknowns from 2000 to 2020 from the Forensic Department of the Criminal Investigation Team of Shanghai Public Security Bureau were collected. Costal cartilage, sternal and pubic symphysis inferences were used to estimate the age, and the consistency between the estimated results and the actual physiological age of the unknowns was tested. The accuracy of age estimation of different samples was compared, and the relationship between accuracy and age and sex was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Using the costal cartilage method, the inference errors of males, females and the whole population under 40 years old were (0.608±2.298) years, (0.429±1.867) years and (0.493±2.040) years, while those over 40 years old were (-1.707±3.770) years, (-3.286±4.078) years and (-2.625±4.029) years. The differences between different age groups in these three populations were statistically significant (P<0.05). Using the sternum method, the inference errors of males and females under the age of 40 were (0.921±3.019) years and (0.452±1.451) years, while those over the age of 40 were (-5.903±5.088) years and (-1.429±2.227) years. The differences between different age groups in males and females were statistically significant (P<0.05). Using the pubic symphysis method, the inference errors of males and females under 40 years old were (-0.204±1.876) years and (0.238±2.477) years, while those over 40 years old were (1.500±2.156) years and (-2.643±4.270) years. The differences between different age groups in males and females were statistically significant (P<0.05). Using the sternum method and pubic symphysis method for age estimation of over 40 years old, the difference between different sexes was statistically significant (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#All three methods of age estimation are stable and effective and more accurate for people under 40 years old. For age estimation of unknowns over 40 years old, the pubic symphysis method is preferred in males and the sternum method is preferred in females.

Research Progress of Adult Age Determination with Imaging Methods / 法医学杂志

Adult age determination plays an important role in individual identification, criminal investigation and social welfare. The most popular adult age determination indicators are pubic symphysis, iliac auricular surface, costal cartilage, cranial sutures, teeth, laryngeal cartilage, etc. In recent years, with the progress of CT imaging and 3D reconstruction technology, the adult age determination study gradually has transferred from a time-consuming general observation of bones with complex pre-processing in the past to the non-destructive, convenient, time-saving and easy to store image analysis technology. To explore more accurate, rapid and convenient adult age determination methods, multiple imaging methods and artificial intelligence have been applied in adult age determination. This paper reviews the common methods and research progress of adult age determination at home and abroad, infers the development direction of adult age determination, in order to provide reference for the improvement and optimization of forensic adult age determination.

Incidence of corona mortis; preperitoneal anatomy for laparoscopic hernia repair.

The present study 66 half pelvis of cadaver for vascular structure called corona mortis, vessel that connect between external iliac and internal iliac system. The vessel was found 77.27% and the incidence of aberrant is 13.6%. The average distance from symphysis pubis to the vessel is 5.28 cm and distance above superior pubic rami is 1.37 cm.

Differential distribution of elastic system fibers in the pubic symphysis of mice during prefnancy, partum and post-partum

The expansion of the pubic symphysis during pregnancy in some rodet depends on the growth of the interpubic ligament, primarily through the biosynthesis of extracellular matrix. Although there is a significant metabolism of elastin in the female reproductive tract during pregnancy, little is known of the architectural and ultrastructural aspects of the elastic system fibers in the mouse pubic symphysis. In this study, the main characteristics of the elastic system of the mouse pubic symphysis during pregnancy, partum and post-partum were determined by light and electron microscopy. A distinct arrangement of microfibrils, elastin deposition and development of the extracellular matrix formed a supporting framework that uniformly distributed stress in order to provide adequate interpubic resilience during delivery. These changes support a role for elastic system fibers in symphyseal maturation and reconstruction during pregnancy and after delivery.

Detection of the "small for gestational age" fetus: comparison of a teaching hospital with field clinics.

INTRODUCTION: Low birthweight babies make a disproportionate contribution to perinatal morbidity and mortality. Antenatally they manifest as "small for gestational age" fetuses. Their detection is an important aspect of antenatal care. OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of antenatal detection of "small for gestational age", fetuses by a clinic in a teaching hospital and field clinics. DESIGN: Comparative descriptive study. SETTING: Professorial Obstetric Unit of De Soysa Maternity Hospital, Colombo. METHODS: Antenatal records of 67 consecutive women who delivered low birthweight babies at term were reviewed. Entries in the teaching hospital clinic records and the pregnancy record of the field clinics were studied. A deviation corresponding to more than two weeks' growth was considered significant. The period of gestation at which the deviation was first detected and any follow up action taken were noted. RESULTS: Of the total sample of 67 women 56 had also attended a field clinic. A significantly greater percentage of small for dates fetuses were detected by the primary care staff (71.4 vs 53.7%; p < 0.05). They also detected them earlier in pregnancy (26.4 vs 30.7 weeks; p < 0.05). However, referral for specialised care was arranged only in 32% by the field clinics. CONCLUSION: The detection rate of small for gestational age fetuses by staff of field clinics was close to the higher rates quoted in the literature. Only a minority of these fetuses were assessed further in both settings indicating a deficiency in antenatal care.

Contribuição ao estudo an tomo-funcional da sinfise pebica: analise critica de 10 peças anatomicas / Contribution to the functional anatomic study of pubic symphysis: critical analysis of 10 anatomical pieces

Os autores estudaram os elementos anatômicos que compäem a articulação da sinfise pebica, salientando sua importancia na estabilidade estrutural e funcional. Realizaram tambem uma revisão critica da literatura pertinente. Foram estudadas 10 articulações de cadaveres a fresco, sendo realizada a dissecção pormenorizada de todos os elementos anatomicos, procurando salientar as estruturas de suporte ligamentar, m£sculos periarticulares, bem como a estrutura macroscopica do disco intra-articular. O estudo an tomo-funcional dessa articulação é essencial para o diagnostico e tratamento das sindromes dolorosas que ocorrem, principalmente, na pratica esportiva

construction of a standard symphysis pubis-uterine fundus distance chart for pregnant Egyptian women

A standard chart for the symphysis pubis-uterine fundus distance in 100 pregnant Egyptian women with uncomplicated pregnancies and deliveries was constructed. An early ultrasound scan was used as the reference point. Individual charts were also constructed for primipara and multipara as well as tables for women delivering of male or female babies. These charts offer a simple and practical method for screening the small for dates fetuses when used in the antenatal clinic

use of the symphysis-fundus distance chart as a screening test for the diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation

A standard chart for the symphysis pubis-uterine fundus [S-F] distance was compared to a single ultrasound measurement of the fetal biparietal diameter [BPD] performed between 32 and 34 weeks, for the diagnosis of small for dates [SFD] and large for dates [LFD] fetuses in 100 women with high risk pregnancies. The weight of the newborn was taken as the reference point. The results showed that the S-F distance was superior to the BPD in the diagnosis of SFD babies [85.71% compared to 57.14%] as well as in the diagnosis of LFD babies [100% compared to 38.46%]. Both methods were equally accurate in diagnosing the appropriate for dates [AFD] fetuses [71.67% and 73.33%, respectively]. Both methods had a similar incidence to false positive results [17% and 18% respectively], but the BPD had a higher incidence of false negative results [20%] compared to the S-F distance method [2%]